Quantitive and Qualitative Research
Types:
Quantitive:
Quantitive:
Quantitive research is about asking people for their opinions in a way that you can gain hard facts about that certain subject. This way you can get statistics to guide you through the process. This can include questionnaires, interviews, surveys etc... However, it is important that the survey is done in fairly large numbers and that the questions at hand are representative of the subject.
Pros:
This is very useful as you can get answers from the public themselves and is very reliable.
Cons:
Sometimes the public is not willing to take the time to do the survey. This can cause issues as you might not be able to get the data needed to make a study on the subject.
Qualitative:
Qualitative research is about trying to understand the underline reasons, opinions and motivations of others. It provides insights into the problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential research. This can include questionnaires, interviews, surveys etc... However, it is important that the survey is done in fairly large numbers and that the questions at hand are representative of the subject.
Pros:
This is very useful as you can get answers from the public themselves and is very reliable.
Cons:
Sometimes the public is not willing to take the time to do the survey. This can cause issues as you might not be able to get the data needed to make a study on the subject.
For both of these it depends on the question that you will get these individual answers. For example, for Quantitive the questions needed are things like: How many hours a day do you watch TV? This will lead to a short straight forward answer. However, with Qualitative the questions need are things like: Do you feel we all watch too much TV? This will lead to an opinion based answer and the underline reasons as to why they feel like that.
Methods:
Primary Research:
Primary research is when the research is new. It's that person's own research, carried out to answer specific issues or questions. This can include questionnaires, surveys and interviews.
Pros:
This is easy to do and have a variety of ways of doing it. It is cheap, quick and simple as well was getting the specific answers that you want to know.
Cons:
Trying to get others to take part in it is quite difficult and time consuming. By the time the research is complete it may be too late.
Secondary Research:
Secondary research is when the research has already been done by others. This includes, books, the internet, and reports.
Pros:
This is easy to access anywhere and quick to find. Often it can be the only resource, for example historical documents
Cons:
It may not have all the information that you need as well as out of date. Also, not all of the data that you will find will be correct unless found in an old book or directly from the main source.
Audience Research Bodies:
RAJAR:
RAJAR stands for Radio Joint Audience Research. They are the official body in charge of measuring the radio audiences in the UK serving both the BBC and licensed commercial stations. RAJAR is jointly owned by the BBC and the Radio centre. RAJAR is funded by the BBC, commercial radio and the advertising community.
BARB:
BARB stands for Broadcasters' Audience Research Board which provide the industry standard tv audience measurements for broadcasters and the advertising industry. BARB is owned by BBC, ITV, Channel 4, Channel 5, BSkyB, and the IPA (Institute of Practitioners in Advertising). BARB commissions research companies to provide the services that our users want, including the production of audience viewing figures.
Purpose:
Research is carried out because the media industry need to know their target audience. They need to know what their likes and dislikes are and what their class is. The image is everything. The layout, name, colour scheme etc... For example, if the target audience is for students ages between 16-21 you will not want something that is basic, dull and not intriguing. The colour scheme will have to be bright, the font will have to be unique or eye gripping and the name needs to be something that represents the product in a different way. The audience is categorised in, age, likes and dislikes and class.
Research is carried out as the different media products need to be one step ahead of the others. For example, magazines need to research their target audience that way they know what to put in their magazines that is up to date with that audience. The media industry needs to know their competition due to being the best. Heat magazine and OK magazine are forever competing as they have the same target audience.
Cosmopolitan
The Cosmopolitan started off as a family magazine back in 1886, then in the 1960's transformed into a woman's magazine. Paul Schlicht told his first issue readers, that his publications was a "first-class family magazine". Helen Gurley Brown became the new Chief editor in 1965 and remodeled the magazine which created the New Cosmopolitan. Then the new target audience was aimed at modern single career women. With this new Cosmopolitan the magazine eventually changed the cover image. This is now the typical front cover model which consists of a young female model, typically in a revealing fashionable outfit or bikini. The magazine discuss many topics for there target audience such as love, sex, fashion, beauty tips and real life stories. These are all discussed from the point of view of these target women. This will appeal to their target audience as well as possibly other audiences,
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Express Fm
Express Fm is a community radio station based in Commercial Road- Portsmouth.
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Audience Profiling
1: (A, B,C1) are catagorised as high profession and weathly people. (C2,D, E) Are categorised as the average normal person with average money.
2:
3: The National Readership Survery is a joint venture company in the UK between the Institute of Practitioners in Advertising (IPA), the Newspaper Publishers Association (NPA) and the Periodical Publishers Assocation (PPA). It provides audience research for print advertising trading in the UK.
4: Q- Magazine readers are mainly male aged 15-24 with high education profile of 70%
5:
6: Galaxy Chocolate is popular in England. 2476 fans like this chocolate bar. Mainly female aged 40-59 years old with a lower eduation. These fans are mainly located around central of Scotland.
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Audience Research
What does the name RAJAR and BARB stand for?
RAJAR stands for Radio Joint Audience Research. They are the official body in charge of measuring the radio audiences in the UK serving both the BBC and licensed commercial stations. BARB stands for Broadcasters' Audience Research Board which provide the industry standard tv audience measurements for broadcasters and the advertising industry.
Who does each agency work for and how are they funded?
BARB is owned by BBC, ITV, Channel 4, Channel 5, BSkyB, and the IPA (Institute of Practitioners in Advertising). BARB commissions research companies to provide the services that our users want, including the production of audience viewing figures.
RAJAR is jointly owned by the BBC and the Radio centre. RAJAR is funded by the BBC, commercial radio and the advertising community.
What reasons do they give for collecting audience figures?
What reasons do they give for collecting audience figures?
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Secondary Research
I am going to be writing an article about young adults and ID and why young teenagers should have separate ID so they don't have to take their provisional or passport around.
I will need to
- Research different ID forms
- Find out if there has been any articles created about this
- Make a survey on Survey Monkey to get other people's opinion
I am writing this article as I feel most teenagers at college can relate to this issue. Someone like myself struggle just to get a provisional license as ID and for those who don't have a passport as they've either never had one or it is out of date. Even then not everyone would enjoy carrying around ID that valuable when out drinking. What if they lose it? Those who drive will not be able to drive until they get it replaced and for those who could be going away in the near future but would like to go out with their friends. I feel that this would catch a lot of the target audience's attention and feel it is definitely something worth looking into.
Here are 2 links that show parent's problem with ID. http://www.netmums.com/coffeehouse/tweens-teens-581/teens-61/290743-identity-card-teens-all.html
http://www.parentdish.co.uk/2012/09/10/surviving-teenagers-the-problems-of-id/
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New Corp and Rupert Murdoch
Who controls nearly 70 percent of national newspaper?
Just five companies control some 70% of regional daily newspaper circulation.
How many companies control 70 percent of regional newspapers?
Just three companies (News UK, DMGT and Trinity Mirror) control nearly 70% of national
newspaper circulation.
newspaper circulation.
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Questionnaire
Primary Research: Pros- Useful, first hand, truthful
Cons- No one is willing to take the time to answer the questions
Secondary Research: Pros- Might not take as long, wider selection, cheap
Cons- Could be false information, could be an out of date book, it's not own research
1: Name?
2: Age?
3: Gender?
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Waterlooville:
Population Figures:
64,350
Demographic make up: Age, Gender, Nationality
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Hampshire Constabulary: http://www.hampshire.police.uk/internet/
Who is the author?
The author is the Hampshire Police
Can you contact them?
Yes, they have multiple numbers and address for different things. Also, they now have an SMS number for the deaf.
How detailed is the information?
They have links into different stories, however some of the stories are not very detailed, they had been briefly explained.
Is it fact or opinion?
This website is fact to let the public know of the situations that are happening in their local area.
Is it mostly text, image, or both?
Both. There is still quite a lot of text but with a few images to support their statement.
Are there links?
The only links on the page is to other stories but not too other websites.
Is it a good quality website?
It is a professional website and is very simple. It is not very eye gripping, however that is because it is a professional page about serious situations.
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Things expect to see in a local newspaper:
- Local Sport
- Ads
- Local Stories
- Whats on
- Charity
- Classified
- Obituaries
- Jobs
- Housing
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| Ads |
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| Classified |
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| Jobs |
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| Local Stories |
In addition to the national press, each region has their own discrete local newspaper that contains national and local news and information.
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| Sports |
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